Growing Ginkgo biloba from seed

Embarking on the journey of Ginkgo seed germination with cold stratification is a thrilling endeavor for horticulturists and tree enthusiasts alike. Ginkgo biloba, with its ancient lineage, unique leaves, and potential health benefits, holds a special place in the world of botanical wonders. In this comprehensive guide, we will unravel the intricacies of Ginkgo biloba seed germination, including the essential step of cold stratification, providing a step-by-step exploration from harvesting to nurturing the delicate seedlings.

Harvesting Ginkgo Seeds

Harvesting ginkgo seeds is a crucial first step. Wait until late fall when the fruit surrounding the seeds emits a pungent odor, indicating they are ready for harvest. Wear gloves to protect your hands from the fleshy outer layer, which can cause skin irritation. Collect seeds from healthy, disease-free trees.

Seed Preparation – Soaking and Scarifying

To prepare ginkgo seeds for germination and cold stratification, start by soaking them in water for 24 to 48 hours. This process helps soften the hard seed coat and promotes water absorption. Following soaking, some horticulturists choose to scarify the seed coat. Gently file or sand one end of the seed to create a slight opening, aiding in water absorption and germination.

Cold Stratification

Cold stratification mimics the natural winter conditions that many seeds require to break dormancy. Place the soaked and scarified ginkgo seeds in a damp paper towel or sphagnum moss within a plastic bag. Seal the bag and refrigerate it for a cold stratification period of 60 to 90 days. This process is essential for triggering the germination process.

Choosing the Right Growing Medium

Selecting an optimal growing medium is crucial for ginkgo seed germination. A mixture of potting soil and perlite or sand provides a well-draining and nutrient-rich environment. Fill individual containers or seed trays with the growing medium, ensuring they have drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.

Planting Ginkgo Seeds

Plant the cold-stratified, soaked, and scarified ginkgo seeds about one inch deep in the prepared containers. Space the seeds apart to allow adequate room for root development. Gently press the soil over the seeds to ensure good seed-to-soil contact. Water the containers thoroughly.

Creating the Ideal Germination Conditions

Maintaining optimal conditions is crucial for successful Ginkgo biloba seed germination. Place the containers in a warm location with a consistent temperature between 70 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit (21 to 27 degrees Celsius). To create a greenhouse effect, cover the containers with plastic wrap or use a clear plastic dome to retain moisture and warmth.

Monitoring and Patience

Ginkgo biloba seeds are known for variable germination times, ranging from a few weeks to several months. Regularly check the moisture levels in the growing medium, ensuring it remains consistently damp but not waterlogged. Be patient, as ginkgo seeds may exhibit staggered germination, with some seeds sprouting before others.

Transplanting Ginkgo Seedlings

Once the ginkgo seedlings have developed a pair of true leaves, they are ready for transplanting. Gently remove the seedlings from their containers, taking care not to damage the delicate roots. Transplant the seedlings into larger containers or directly into the garden if outdoor conditions are favorable.